Why this matters (and who this guide helps)
Whether you’re a new installer, a shop owner, or a DIY car enthusiast, understanding VLT (Visible Light Transmission) and state-by-state limits keeps your installs legal and your customers happy. Minimum legal VLT varies widely—some states require ~70% on front side windows while others allow 20–35%. Your AAA Network
What is VLT?
VLT = the percentage of visible light allowed through glass (film + glass). Higher % = lighter; lower % = darker. 3M
Fast rules most states follow (with exceptions)
- Windshield: Usually only a visor strip above the AS-1 line or top 4–5 inches; full-windshield tint is generally restricted. Texas Department of Public SafetyTinting Laws
- Front side windows: Often the strictest (commonly ~70% in states like CA/NY; ~25–35% in others). Tinting LawsTimes Union
- Rear side & rear windows: Typically more flexible; some states allow darker film here. Your AAA Network
- Medical exemptions: Many states allow darker tint with proper documentation. Texas Department of Public Safety
Important: Laws change. Always check the most current state statute or a reputable summary (AAA, IWFA, state DPS/DMV) before you install. Your AAA NetworkInternational Window Film AssociationTexas Department of Public Safety
New for 2025: Louisiana goes darker on front windows
As of August 1, 2025, Louisiana reduced the minimum light transmission on front side windows from 40% to 25% VLT (Act 143 / HB 119). Rear sides remain 25%; rear window 12%. Louisiana IlluminatorLouisiana Legislature
Quick-Look State Highlights (sedans unless noted)
Use this as a starting point—verify locally before quoting or installing.
California (CA)
- Windshield: Non-reflective strip on top 4 inches.
- Front sides: ≥70% VLT.
- Rear sides/rear: Often more flexible (check vehicle class). Tinting Laws
New York (NY)
- Windshield/top strip rules apply; front sides must allow ≥70%; enforcement occurs at inspections and traffic stops. Times Union
Texas (TX)
- Windshield: Strip above AS-1 (or top 5″) with specific specs.
- Front sides: ≥25% VLT (medical exemptions available).
- Rears: Typically darker allowed with dual mirrors. Texas Department of Public Safety
Florida (FL)
- Front sides: ≥28% VLT (sedans); rears may be 15% (sedans) or 6% (SUVs/vans).
- Windshield: Non-reflective above AS-1 line. Statute defines reflectance and VLT. Tinting LawsOnline Sunshine
Louisiana (LA) — Updated 2025
- Front sides: ≥25% VLT (was 40%).
- Rear sides: ≥25%; rear window ≥12%; windshield visor only. Louisiana IlluminatorLouisiana Legislature
Understanding “Net VLT” (film + glass)
Most OEM glass already reduces light slightly. A 70% film on 75–80% glass won’t net 70%. Use a meter and manufacturer specs; when in doubt, go lighter on front sides. (IWFA charts and many state sites discuss net vs. film VLT.) International Window Film Association
Reflectivity, colors & other gotchas
- Reflectivity caps: Many states limit mirror-like finishes (e.g., VA caps reflectance at 20%). Virginia Law
- Restricted colors: Amber/red often prohibited. Check the statute before using colored films. West Coast Trial Lawyers
- Inspection rules: Some states test during annual inspection or roadside checks (e.g., NY). Times Union
Installer’s Checklist (print this)
- Confirm ZIP/state and vehicle class (sedan vs. MPV).
- Check latest statute (and medical exemptions). Save the link in the work order. Texas Department of Public SafetyOnline Sunshine
- Plan net VLT (glass + film), not film VLT alone. International Window Film Association
- Meter before & after to document compliance.
- Explain aftercare + warranty and give the customer a one-page summary of their state law.
FAQ
Is ceramic tint “worth it” if I still need to meet a 70% front-side law?
Often yes, because ceramic’s heat rejection/IR blocking is better at lighter shades—so you stay legal and cool. (Consumer Reports notes ceramic generally blocks more heat/UV than standard dyed film.) Consumer Reports
Can I tint the windshield?
Generally only a visor strip at the top (AS-1 / 4″ rule), with strict reflectivity limits. Tinting LawsTexas Department of Public Safety
Where can I see official law text?
State DPS/DMV or legislature sites (e.g., TX DPS standards; FL §316.2953 & §316.2954). Texas Department of Public SafetyOnline Sunshine+1
For shop owners & students: next steps
- New to tint? Start with our 1–5 day trainings (hands-on + two free coaching days).
Disclaimer: This guide is for general information and may not reflect the latest emergency updates or local ordinances. Always verify with your state’s current statute or an official agency before installation.